While much of what was left of the ancient Maya culture was subsumed by the Spanish conquistadors in the 16th century, the legacy of Mayan scientific achievement lives on in the discoveries that archeologists continue to make about this amazing ancient culture.L2/18-038)/Rect/Subj(Text Box)/Subtype/FreeText/T(Rick)/Type/Annot>endobj1748 0 objendobj1749 0 obj/ProcSet>/Subtype/Form/Type/XObject>stream Still others believe that the Maya’s agricultural practices and dynamic growth resulted in climate change and deforestation. Some believe that the Maya were wiped out by war, while others attribute their demise to the disruption of their trade routes. The cause and scope of the decline is a matter of some debate today. The Decline of the Mayaĭespite the Maya’s remarkable scientific achievements, their culture began to decline toward the beginning of the 11th century. Once they realized how strong and versatile this new material was, the Maya began to use it in a variety of ways: to make water-resistant cloth, glue, bindings for books, figurines and the large rubber balls used in the ritual game known as pokatok. My research into a possible modern alphabet using Mayan Hieroglyphics showed a lack of some corresponding letters between English or other European languages and the Mayan symbols that are available. Left Click inside the box and enter your Text. How did they do it? Researchers believe that the Maya discovered this process accidentally, during a religious ritual in which they combined the rubber tree and the morning-glory plant. Enter up to 240 characters ( about 30 words ) or numbers. However, historians now think that the Maya were producing rubber products about 3,000 years before Goodyear received his patent in 1843. Until recently, people believed that vulcanization–combining rubber with other materials to make it more durable–was discovered by the American (from Connecticut) Charles Goodyear in the 19th century. For example, they built complicated looms for weaving cloth and devised a rainbow of glittery paints made from mica, a mineral that still has technological uses today. However, they did use a number of other “modern” innovations and tools, especially in the decorative arts. Remarkably, the ancient Maya managed to build elaborate temples and great cities without what we would consider to be essential tools: metal and the wheel. The shadow forms the serpent’s body as the sun sets, the serpent appears to slither down into the Earth. At sunset on these two days, the pyramid casts a shadow on itself that aligns with a carving of the head of the Mayan serpent god. The pyramid at Chichén Itzá in Mexico, for example, is situated according to the sun’s location during the spring and fall equinoxes. The Maya incorporated their advanced understanding of astronomy into their temples and other religious structures. One Grand Cycle was equal to 13 baktuns, or about 5,139 solar years. The Long Count calendar worked the same way that the Calendar Round did–it cycled through one interval after another–but its interval, known as a “Grand Cycle,” was much longer. (In the early 20th century, scholars found that this “base date” was August 11 or AugBC.) It grouped days into sets, or cycles, as follows: baktun (144,000 days), k’atun (7,200 days), tun (360 days), uinal or winal (20 days) and kin (one day). The Long Count system identified each day by counting forward from a fixed date in the distant past. For this job, a priest working in about 236 BC devised another system: a calendar that he called the Long Count. After each interval the calendar would reset itself like a clock.īecause the Calendar Round measured time in an endless loop, it was a poor way to fix events in an absolute chronology or in relationship to one another over a long period. Every 52 years counted as a single interval, or Calendar Round. Under this system, each day was assigned four pieces of identifying information: a day number and day name in the sacred calendar and a day number and month name in the secular calendar. The first, known as the Calendar Round, was based on two overlapping annual cycles: a 260-day sacred year and a 365-day secular year. They also used astrological cycles to aid in planting and harvesting and developed two calendars that are as precise as those we use today. Consequently, Mayan knowledge and understanding of celestial bodies was advanced for their time: For example, they knew how to predict solar eclipses. The Maya strongly believed in the influence of the cosmos on daily life.
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Fully enclosed shoes (steel-capped boots preferred)Īdditional PPE may be required depending on the course requirements.Identify, detect and monitor hazardous materials at an incidentĪ basic to moderate English language, literacy and numeracy skill level is required.Īll participants are required to wear the following minimum PPE to enter our facilities: our team at Tundra Rescue looks forward to partnering with your organization. Individuals within the fire sector must be able to provide a Statement of Attainment for the following units of competency as a pre-requisite for undertaking this course: PUAFIR306 As a WBENC- and WOSB-certified, full-service rescue company, we offer rescue personnel as needed, ranging from a single trained technician to an entire team. At Tundra Rescue, our goal as a provider of confined space rescue services is to go beyond compliance and implement rescue plans that optimize safety for all entrants. 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Our management staff collectively possess over 50 years of combined Environmental, Health, and Safety experience in the petrochemical, construction, general, and corporate industries. This course is suitable for those who are required to undertake confined space rescue situations such as emergency services, volunteer organisations and/or organisations where confined space work is performed, and public safety personnel who are required to provide initial lifesaving emergency care. Having your own rescue team can allow you to react quicker, plan tasks more easily and train for your specific environment. We provide full-service professional Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) technical field and safety compliance services. The book should prompt your computer to open it in Adobe Digital Editions. This also means I am unable to return the book at all, as it says I have to return the book using Adobe Digital Editions, but I previously logged out of this. Choose Download and select the format you wish to download (must be EPUB or PDF). I now realise this is because I did not return the book before I removed the anonymous account from the start. This then worked, however it would not let me download the book due to "E_LIC_ALREADY_FULFILLED_BY_ANOTHER_USER". I then looked up how to un-authorise my account and then set it up properly - after creating a new password on the Adobe website. Even within a single file format, digital rights management (DRM) systems can vary. Like most digital media files, these e-books come in many flavors and file formats. It can then be opened from the external media on any windows device. I then found out that logging in this way is not compatable to send to ereaders such as my Kobo and that you have to log in the other way. The Ladd Library now offers an expanding collection of books in electronic format. Calibre has an optional portable build that can be stored on external media along with the users library. If you have checked out the book from a library, it may. What devices support Adobe Digital Editions Adobe Digital Editions can be installed on most Windows and Apple computers. After you have finished reading the digital edition, it remains on your computer until you delete it. You will not be able to read your eBook with Adobe Acrobat. Then when I was trying to download a book, it said my username or password was incorrect (I now know this is due to a password not being set).Īs that was not working, I followed through with the second option - continue without the authorisation ID and the book downloaded. Adobe Digital Editions, a free application from Adobe, is needed to read eBooks purchased from our distribution partner, UNC Press. When I first created an Adobe ID, I didn't realise it hadn't set the password (as I followed through with Google account and it did it automatically). Run the installation file and follow the instructions. Hi, I have been struggling setting up Adobe Digitial Editions to download books onto my Kobo. 1.Use a web browser to go to Calibre’s download page and download the version for your operating system. |
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